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露天煤矿疏干–回灌水帷幕保水采煤模式探讨

李颖 杨卓 吴桐

李颖, 杨卓, 吴桐. 露天煤矿疏干–回灌水帷幕保水采煤模式探讨[J]. 煤田地质与勘探, 2021, 49(6): 160-166. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1986.2021.06.019
引用本文: 李颖, 杨卓, 吴桐. 露天煤矿疏干–回灌水帷幕保水采煤模式探讨[J]. 煤田地质与勘探, 2021, 49(6): 160-166. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1986.2021.06.019
LI Ying, YANG Zhuo, WU Tong. Discussion on the water-preserved coal mining by dewatering-reflooding water curtain in open-pit coal mines[J]. COAL GEOLOGY & EXPLORATION, 2021, 49(6): 160-166. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1986.2021.06.019
Citation: LI Ying, YANG Zhuo, WU Tong. Discussion on the water-preserved coal mining by dewatering-reflooding water curtain in open-pit coal mines[J]. COAL GEOLOGY & EXPLORATION, 2021, 49(6): 160-166. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1986.2021.06.019

露天煤矿疏干–回灌水帷幕保水采煤模式探讨

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1986.2021.06.019
基金项目: 

中国煤炭科工集团有限公司科技创新创业资金专项重点项目 2018-2-ZD005

绿色矿山建设要求及标准研究课题 NK001-2018

详细信息
    第一作者:

    李颖,1979年生,女,内蒙古科左后旗人,硕士,高级工程师,从事露天矿疏干防排水工作. E-mail:330287646@qq.com

    通信作者:

    杨卓,1985年生,女,黑龙江伊春人,硕士,高级工程师,从事水土保持和绿色矿山规划设计. E-mail:32525924@qq.com

  • 中图分类号: TD741

Discussion on the water-preserved coal mining by dewatering-reflooding water curtain in open-pit coal mines

  • 摘要: 为抑制疏干排水造成的地下水水资源量衰减,并控制露天煤矿煤炭开采对地下水资源的影响范围,采用了水帷幕保水采煤技术。以某露天煤矿为背景,建立沙槽回灌平台进行物理实验,再通过数值方法对回灌区进行模拟计算,分析疏干–回灌水帷幕的形成和变化规律。物理实验方法观察到回灌水帷幕形成定水头边界,阻止漏斗扩展的过程,获得不同回灌水帷幕水头高度对注水量的影响和注水量与排泄量平衡的最佳水头。数值模拟获得物理模拟类似的结果,回灌水帷幕位置可以有效限定疏干降落漏斗范围,回灌水帷幕定水头高度与疏干区水位和疏干时间正相关;最大回灌量受帷幕定水头高度影响显著;回灌水帷幕距离采坑越远对阻隔帷幕外水源补给的作用越大。物理模拟和数值模拟表明,改变回灌水帷幕的位置或水头高度都可以使得矿坑的排水量与帷幕的注水量相等,这就可以最大限度减少疏干水的外排水量。研究表明,疏干–回灌水帷幕可望成为我国露天煤矿区保水采煤的实用模式。

     

  • 图  疏干–回灌水帷幕系统原理

    Fig. 1  Schematic of drainage-recharge water curtain

    图  沿水流方向沙槽实验物理模型剖面

    Fig. 2  Profile of experimental physical model along flow direction in sand trough

    图  水头监测点布置

    Fig. 3  Layout of water head monitoring points

    图  以临界水头注水的水帷幕形成后含水层水头等值线

    Fig. 4  Contour map of aquifer water head after formation of water curtain with critical water head

    图  帷幕注水量和终端排水量与时间关系曲线

    Fig. 5  Curves of injection in water curtain and drainage versus time

    图  水头提高后水帷幕上下游水头等值线

    Fig. 6  Diagram of water level in upstream and downstream after the water curtain head raised

    图  三维模型及定水头边界(回灌水帷幕)

    Fig. 7  3D model and initial flow field diagram

    图  不同定水头时疏干区域地下水水头变化

    Fig. 8  Changes of groundwater head under different water level boundary in drain region

    图  不同定水头边界条件回灌水量与时间关系曲线

    Fig. 9  The relation curves between recharging water volume and time under the boundary condition

    图  10  定水头回灌水帷幕流场

    Fig. 10  Flow field diagram of recharging water curtain at constant head

    表  1  模型主要水文地质参数

    Table  1  Main hydrogeological parameters of the model

    参数 煤、砂岩和砾岩
    含水层厚度/m 30
    水力坡度/% 0.5
    渗透系数/(m·d–1) 2.5
    贮水率/m–1 0.000 1
    给水度 0.01
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2021-05-13
  • 修回日期:  2021-08-20
  • 发布日期:  2021-12-25
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-12-30

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