Abstract: Since 1970s,in the underground detection of small-scale structures by use of the radiowave penetration technique,the technical problems such as the explosion-proof property of the instrument,the detection distance,the interference of the underground metal conductor,the data acquisition and processing,and the communication were solved successively.The future research directions are presented as follows:With respect to the instrument property,the detection method and the data processing,the basic theory and the lab study must be strengthened;the detection accuracy should be increased;moreover,the application scope of this technique should be further developed in order to that it takes effects in the fields of safety mining and communication in mine and so on.