矿井电法勘探研究现状与发展趋势

岳建华; 杨海燕; 冉华赓

doi:10.12363/issn.1001-1986.23.01.0031

矿井电法勘探研究现状与发展趋势

doi: 10.12363/issn.1001-1986.23.01.0031

中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院，江苏徐州 221116

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(42230811，41974086)

详细信息

第一作者:
岳建华，1964年生，男，山东济宁人，俄罗斯工程院外籍院士，从事矿井电法勘探工作. E-mail：yuejh@cumt.edu.cn

通信作者:
杨海燕，1980年生，男，安徽阜阳人，博士，教授，从事电磁法勘探理论与应用研究. E-mail：yhycumt@cumt.edu.cn

中图分类号: P631；TD75
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-12-10
- 修回日期: 2023-01-10
- 刊出日期: 2023-01-25
- 网络出版日期: 2023-02-14

Research status and development trend of mine electrical prospecting

School of Resources and Geosciences, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China

摘要

摘要: 隐蔽地质因素透明化是煤炭智能精准开采和煤矿重大事故防治的关键。煤岩体结构和流体赋存等因素变化均可引起显著的电性变化，奠定了矿井电法勘探的物性基础。30多年来矿井电法勘探在我国煤矿防治水中发挥了关键作用，经过采煤工作面顶底板探测、掘进工作面超前探测、采煤工作面内小构造探测以及矿井电法动态监测几个阶段的发展，产生了一大批标志性的理论、技术与应用成果，并在超前探测理论、方法、技术研究方面均居于国际领先水平。在归纳1980年初以来我国煤炭生产面临的主要水文地质问题的基础上，系统总结了在煤矿生产安全突出问题所处的不同阶段矿井电法勘探技术的发展历程和国内相关单位所做出的重要贡献，聚焦矿井电法勘探研究与应用现状，着重从多源信息融合、工作面透明化与矿井智慧化角度出发分析了矿井电法勘探的发展趋势。认为在实现煤炭智能化精准开采、深地探测以及地下空间开发利用过程中，矿井电法动态监测将成为电法勘探的未来发展方向，矿井电法勘探的应用领域将得到大幅度延伸，其发展前景也会更为广阔。
- 矿井电法勘探 /
- 透明工作面 /
- 联合反演 /
- 多源信息融合 /
- 超前探测
Abstract: Transparency of hidden geological factors is critical to intelligent and precise coal mining and therefore the prevention and control of major accidents in coal mine. The significant electrical property change can be resulted from several factors, such as the structure of coal and rock mass, the fluid occurrence, etc., providing a basis of physical property for mine electrical prospecting. For more than 30 years, mine electrical prospecting has played a key role to water prevention and control of coal mine in China. Definitely, many symbolized results on theory, technique and application of mine electrical prospecting have been produced through several stages of development, such as roof and floor detection in coal face, advanced detection in driving face, small structure detection in coal face and dynamic monitoring of mine electrical prospecting. Meanwhile, studies on theories, methods and techniques reaches the international leading level. In this study, the main hydrogeological problems faced by coal mining in China since 1980s are summarized. On this basis, systematic conclusion is made for the development course of the mine electrical prospecting in different stages of prominent safety problems in the production of coal mine, as well as the significant contribution made by the related domestic units. Focusing on the research and application status of mine electrical prospecting, its development trend is also analyzed in view of multi-source information fusion, transparent working face and intelligent mine. Thus, it is considered that dynamic monitoring will become the future developing direction of mine electrical prospecting in the process of intelligent and precise coal mining, deep earth exploration and the development and utilization of underground space. Thus, mine electrical prospecting will have an expanded application field and wide development prospects.
- mine electrical prospecting /
- transparent working face /
- joint inversion /
- multi-source information fusion /
- advanced detection

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图 1 某工作面2105巷道综合电磁法探测视电阻率拟断面

Fig. 1 Apparent resistivity pseudosection of comprehensive electromagnetic method measured at 2105 roadway of a working face

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图 2 某工作面音频电透视电导率剖面

Fig. 2 Conductivity section of audio-frequency electrical penetration for a mine working face

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图 3 某工作面5105巷道顶底板瞬变电磁视电阻率拟断面

Fig. 3 Apparent resistivity pseudosection of transient electromagnetic method measured at 5105 roadway roof and floor of a working face

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图 4 晚期视电阻率拟断面^[78]

Fig. 4 Section of apparent resistivity in later stage^[78]

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图 5 基于随机模型的全波形反演

Fig. 5 Full waveform inversion based on Stochastic Model

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图 6 工作面动态监测系统框架

Fig. 6 Framework of dynamic monitoring system for a working face

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图 7 地电先兆特征在线辨识与智能提取

Fig. 7 On-line identification and intelligent extraction of geoelectrical premonitory characters

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