Abstract: On the basis of analyzing the emplacement mechanism and disentangling various geological factors influencing safety and high efficiency mining of deep coal mine, the deep coal deposit exploration types are divided into 2 categories and 5 types and 12 subtypes, also the geological guarantee task, exploration strategy, technical guarantee system of different exploration type are discussed respectively. As the exploration strategy, "rapid scanning, screening the target area, ground geophysical prospecting in advance, drilling verification" can be used in the new-deep developed areas and deep part of old mining areas, "geophysical prospecting in advance, underground drilling verification" can be adopted to explore the coal existing in the deep part of production coal mines, "geophysical prospecting in advance, long borehole verification" is the effective strategy to detect geological conditions in mining areas, "underground geophysical prospecting in advance, long borehole verification, short borehole guarantee, lane detection tracking " can be used for detecting the geology conditions of working face. In order to overcome the difficulties in mining deep coal, the key way is to use stereo exploration model combining ground and underground, to select effective exploration technology to carry out comprehensive exploration, to supply each other the multiple means, to validate each other the results, and to provide reliable geological guarantee for production and construction of deep mine.