Abstract: In order to improve the seismic exploration precision of coal mine goaf and precisely positioning coal mine goaf boundary, on the basis of traditional VSP seismic data processing method, the paper has systematically studied the imaging method of RVSP seismic data processing through forward modeling system, and built forward modeling used to build model of filling materials and size to analyze the seismic forward modeling data in coal mine goaf to study the imaging features. Using the results of the forward modeling, seismic test data of the key sections of the mine goaf in were finely processed the coal mining goaf on the key section of a water project, and the ideal imaging results have been achieved. A set of imaging method suitable for RVSP seismic data processing was formed, which has important practical significance for the accurate detection of coal mine goaf.