Abstract: In area with high groundwater level in the east of China, long-time underground coal mining results in a large subsidence water area on the surface. The risk of water environment pollution in subsidence waters is increasing gradually with the influence of human activities. According to Weber-Fisher law, this paper took Panji waterlogged area of Huainan as the research object, selected the water quality evaluation indexes closely related to the water environment of the waterlogged area, analyzed the water environmental conditions of the waterlogged area in different periods, and quantitatively reflected the time and the area of the water environment quality change and potential water environment risk of the waterlogged area through the overlay and fusion of layers. The results show that the water quality of waterlogged area is not optimistic, and there is a risk of water quality deterioration. The waterlogged area presents warning conditions above middle level with the change of time from May to November. The warning areas changes in different months. Among them, the western and central part of the waterlogged area has a higher probability of occurrence of warning situation. In the future water environment management, it is needed to take targeted preventive measures for different areas during different periods to avoid the risk of water environment pollution.