Abstract: The reflection of coal seam in seismic data has the characteristics of strong energy, which makes the reflection of adjacent strata often concealed by the reflection of coal seam. This makes it difficult to image the adjacent weak layer and lithological interpretation difficult. Aiming at this problem, a model-driven energy attenuation method for coal seam strong reflection was proposed. This method uses the coal thickness calculated by logging and measured by borehole in underground coal mine to construct cross plot with reflection amplitude of coal seam, and fit the relationship formula between amplitude and thickness. The digital model was constructed and the reflection of coal seam was simulated. The thickness of coal seam in the whole area was calculated iteratively by using the threshold value of amplitude residual. The strong amplitude of coal seam in the actual data was attenuated by using the data simulated by the model. The experimental results of the model data shows that the method is feasible in theory; The suppression effect of the strong reflection of coal seam 3^-1 in the seismic data of a coal mine in Ordos shows that the practical application effect was good, and the imaging quality of weak reflection layer near the coal seam was improved, which provides the basic data for the lithological interpretation.