Abstract: Aiming at the problems of poor real-time data transmission and limited data transmission in current coal mine seismic data acquisition and transmission system and the requirement of multi wave and broadband data acquisition, a three-component full wave seismic data acquisition system based on MEMS and LwIP is designed. The system consists of MEMS three-component detector, data acquisition unit, high-performance explosion-proof router, high-performance embedded host, acquisition control software and host monitoring software. The MEMS acceleration chip VS1002 is used as the core of the detector, which has the characteristics of high sensitivity and wide-band response. The host monitoring software completes the monitoring, management and simple data processing functions of the full wave acquisition unit. Full wave data acquisition unit realizes data acquisition, conversion, storage and data output of three component seismic signal. The system adapts the distributed control mode, improves the anti-interference ability of the whole system and the quality of the collected signal to realizes the flexible combination and split of the system, and then enhances the application scope in coal mines. The field contrast experiment is carried out in the open-pit coal mine. The experimental results show that compared with the conventional seismic acquisition system, the system has the characteristics of strong anti-interference and response frequency bandwidth, and is capable of capturing the seismic signal with wide frequency band in the harsh environment.