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一种隔水隔卡的自锁式绳索取心钻具及应用

廖远苏 胡啟锋

廖远苏, 胡啟锋. 一种隔水隔卡的自锁式绳索取心钻具及应用[J]. 煤田地质与勘探, 2021, 49(4): 178-286. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1986.2021.04.033
引用本文: 廖远苏, 胡啟锋. 一种隔水隔卡的自锁式绳索取心钻具及应用[J]. 煤田地质与勘探, 2021, 49(4): 178-286. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1986.2021.04.033
LIAO Yuansu, HU Qifeng. Introductions and applications of a self-locking wire-line coring system with a water-shielding bit and a circlip-shielded core barrel[J]. COAL GEOLOGY & EXPLORATION, 2021, 49(4): 178-286. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1986.2021.04.033
Citation: LIAO Yuansu, HU Qifeng. Introductions and applications of a self-locking wire-line coring system with a water-shielding bit and a circlip-shielded core barrel[J]. COAL GEOLOGY & EXPLORATION, 2021, 49(4): 178-286. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1986.2021.04.033

一种隔水隔卡的自锁式绳索取心钻具及应用

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1986.2021.04.033
基金项目: 

江西有色地质勘查局科技开发基金项目 KF201802

详细信息
    第一作者:

    廖远苏,1962年生,男,江西赣州人,高级工程师,从事复杂地层治理及取心钻具研究工作. E-mail:15970096813@126.com

  • 中图分类号: P634.4

Introductions and applications of a self-locking wire-line coring system with a water-shielding bit and a circlip-shielded core barrel

  • 摘要: 近年来,国内外对复杂地层绳索取心钻具的研究取得了长足进步,但是未能很好解决卡心构件对岩心入管的阻碍和底喷式钻头易产生“泥垫”现象,从而影响取心质量和钻进效率的关键技术问题。以普通S95绳索取心钻具为研究对象,通过在内管里增设0.7 mm厚度的不锈钢衬管,封隔卡簧等卡心构件装置,增加底喷式钻头水孔数量并增大水槽体积,设计可供选择的发夹式和卡簧式岩心提断器等技术改造,研制一款用于复杂地层钻进,具备隔水、隔卡、自动锁心的三层管绳索取心钻具。选用发夹式岩心提断器在水敏性强的破碎地层中试验,平均回次进尺1.13 m,获取岩心采取率94.48%,对比附近同类地层钻孔的岩心采取率提高了50%以上;选用卡簧式岩心提断器在裂隙发育的泥质地层中试验,卡簧卡心如同普通钻具上的卡簧一样可靠。试验结果表明:用衬管封隔卡心构件的取心技术方案可行,解决了卡心构件对软弱松散岩心入管的阻碍,有利于保护岩心的原状性;所用底喷式钻头孔底冲洗效果好,降低了钻头“泥垫”现象对钻进速度的影响。该钻具操作方便,使用成本低廉,有望在我国现行绳索取心机台推广应用,具有较强的普适性和广泛的应用前景。

     

  • 图  隔水隔卡的自锁式绳索取心钻具结构

    1—铰链式矛头机构; 2—弹卡定位机构; 3—到位报信机构; 4—悬挂机构; 5—接头; 6—弹性销; 7—压力弹簧; 8—滑套; 9—调压垫圈; 10—调节螺栓; 11—锁定螺母; 12—单动机构; 13—中心轴; 14——内管保护机构; 15—扶正弹簧; 16—扶正弹簧座; 17—球; 18—弹簧套; 19—调节机构; 20—调节接头; 21—外管; 22—悬挂接头; 23—防松螺母; 24—开卡弹簧; 25—悬挂轴; 26—挂钩; 27—攻丝钢球; 28—调节螺母; 29—背帽; 30—锥接套; 31—调节螺杆; 32—锥接头; 33—内管; 34—衬管; 35—扩孔器; 36—内管扶正机构; 37—防卡套; 38—发夹室; 39—发夹; 40—发夹座; 41—钻头

    Fig. 1  Structure of the self-locking wire line coring drilling tool with water-shielding and clamp proof

    图  发夹式岩心提断器安装结构

    33—内管; 34—衬管; 35—扩孔器; 37—防卡套; 38—发夹室; 39—发夹; 40—发夹座; 41—钻头

    Fig. 2  Core lifter structure of hair clip type

    图  卡簧式岩心提断器安装结构

    33—内管; 34—衬管; 35—扩孔器; 41—钻头; 42—卡簧; 43—卡簧座

    Fig. 3  Core lifter structure of circlip type

    图  钻头结构

    41-1—通水孔; 41-2—过水锥面; 41-3—外水槽; 41-4—内水槽; 41-5—喷水槽; 41-6—底水口; 41-7—钻头体; 41-8—钻头胎体

    Fig. 4  Drill bit structure

    图  ZK603试验孔段装箱岩心

    Fig. 5  Cores from testing section in ZK603

    图  ZK205试验孔段装箱岩心

    Fig. 6  Cores from testing section in ZK205 hole

    图  ZK501孔身结构

    Fig. 7  The ZK501 hole structure

    图  ZK501孔试验孔段装箱岩心

    Fig. 8  Cores from testing section in ZK501 hole

    表  1  ZK205孔试验孔段回次钻进的基本情况

    Table  1  The main deta of each testing interval of core drilling in ZK205 hole

    钻进回次 钻孔深度/m 进尺/m 岩心长度/m 岩心采取率/% 钻进泵量/(L·min–1) 下钻时钻头通水孔封堵数 起钻时钻头通水孔封堵数 机械钻速/(m·h–1) 备注
    1 6.66~7.88 1.22 1.20 98.36 60 0 1.83
    2 7.88~8.78 0.90 0.90 100 60 1.80
    3 8.78~9.78 1.00 1.00 100 60 13 1.50 处理孔口管下沉
    4 9.78~10.99 1.21 1.20 99.17 96 8 1.83
    5 10.99~12.09 1.10 1.05 95.45 96 1.65
    6 12.09~12.69 0.60 0.60 100 96 1.80
    7 12.69~14.09 1.40 1.30 92.86 96 1.68
    8 14.09~14.89 0.80 0.75 93.75 96 1.60
    9 14.89~15.69 0.80 0.80 100 96 1.60
    10 15.69~17.09 1.40 1.30 92.86 96 10 1.40 处理孔口管下沉
    11 17.09~18.49 1.40 1.30 92.86 96 8 1.68
    12 18.49~19.89 1.40 1.27 90.71 96 1.68
    13 19.89~21.39 1.50 1.30 86.67 96 1.50 更换发夹
    14 21.39~22.69 1.30 1.25 96.15 96 1.56
    15 22.69~23.89 1.20 1.10 91.67 96 1.80
    16 23.89~24.69 0.80 0.75 93.75 96 9 1.60 钻渣多,下管护孔
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  ZK501孔试验孔段回次钻进的基本情况

    Table  2  The main deta of each testing interval of core drilling in ZK501 hole

    钻进回次 钻孔深度/m 进尺/m 岩心长度/m 岩心采取率/% 钻进泵量/(L·min–1) 下钻时钻头通水孔封堵数 起钻时钻头通水孔封堵数 机械钻速/(m·h–1) 备注
    1 30.12~31.32 1.20 1.20 100.00 60 0 12 2.40
    2 31.32~32.55 1.23 1.20 97.56 96 8 9 2.46
    3 32.55~33.66 1.11 1.05 94.59 96 8 10 2.22
    4 33.66~34.86 1.20 1.20 100.00 96 8 9 2.40
    5 34.86~36.79 1.93 1.76 91.19 96 8 9 2.32
    6 36.79~38.32 1.53 1.50 98.04 96 8 11 2.29
    7 38.32~39.70 1.38 1.35 97.83 166 0 1 2.76 清扫0.60m钻渣
    8 39.70~41.28 1.58 1.58 100.00 96 4 9 2.37
    9 41.28~42.94 1.66 1.66 100.00 96 4 10 2.49
    10 42.94~44.45 1.51 1.50 99.33 96 8 13 2.26
    11 44.45~45.35 0.90 0.85 94.44 166 0 3 2.70 清扫1.2m钻渣
    12 45.35~47.12 1.77 1.77 100.00 166 4 5 2.12
    13 47.12~48.83 1.71 1.71 100.00 166 4 4 2.05
    14 48.83~50.58 1.75 1.70 97.14 166 4 5 2.10 终止试验
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2021-01-13
  • 修回日期:  2021-06-20
  • 发布日期:  2021-08-25
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-09-10

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