Abstract: In the arid and semi-arid regions of the Western China, there is not only a shortage of water resources, but also the problems of large mine water inflow and high salinity of mine water. In order to reduce the waste of water resources in the mining activities and protect water ecological environment in the region, it is proposed to treat the mine water by deeper well recharge to the aquifers under the coal seam based on the theories and technical methods such as mine water transfer and storage, water-preserving mining and coal-water dual resource coordinated mining. A test well project was implemented in a mine in the eastern part of the Ordos Basin. The storage space characteristics of the target recharge aquifers were studied by collecting rock samples, scanning electron microscopy, rock composition analysis and mercury intrusion experiments and quantitative and qualitative methods. Then, the main controlling factors of the in-situ water pressure tests were analyzed, and the quality of mine water and the water quality of the targeted recharge aquifer were compared. Finally the hydrogeological effect of mine water recharge was verified. The research results showed that the potential transport and storage capacity of a single well of the test well could meet a certain amount of mine water recharge demand. Transfer and storage cannot only improve the water richness of the targeted aquifers, but also have a significant impact on the protection of water resources and water ecological environment in the Western China. At the same time, it can reduce the cost of advanced mine water treatment, and relieve the environmental pressure of mine water discharge, which is a typical demonstration for transfer and storage of mine water in western coal mining area.