不同年限采空区下地震勘探效果实例研究

张昭; 殷全增

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1986.2021.06.028

不同年限采空区下地震勘探效果实例研究

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1986.2021.06.028

张昭,
殷全增^,

基金项目:

河北省煤田地质局物测地质队科研项目 HBWCD-W-2019-9

详细信息

第一作者:
张昭，1983年生，男，河北平山人，高级工程师，从事煤田地震勘探工作. E-mail：41563199@qq.com

通信作者:
殷全增，1965年生，河北邢台人，正高级工程师，从事煤田地质、物探等工作. E-mail：13931909280@126.com

中图分类号: P631
计量
- 文章访问数: 162
- HTML全文浏览量: 20
- PDF下载量: 48
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-04-21
- 修回日期: 2021-07-12
- 发布日期: 2021-12-25
- 网络出版日期: 2021-12-30

Case study on the effects of seismic exploration beneath the goafs of different ages

ZHANG Zhao,
YIN Quanzeng^,

摘要

摘要: 随着煤炭资源的持续开发，部分煤矿上组煤已经开采殆尽，亟需开展下组煤的探测工作。受上组煤采空影响，下组煤地震波能量吸收和散射衰减严重，资料信噪比低，三维地震对采空区下组煤的探测尚属于探索阶段。以冀中能源东庞矿采空区下组煤三维地震勘探项目为例，采用“两宽一高”采集、高精度资料处理和属性体解释等技术，对不同年限采空区下组煤的探测效果进行了对比分析。结果表明：采用“两宽一高”采集技术能够获取采空区下组煤的地震信息；振幅补偿、地震拓频技术使得9号煤反射波波组丰富、连续性好；采空区年限大于10年时，破碎岩层压实，相对稳定，下组煤反射波利于追踪，而小于10年时，岩层破碎未压实，导致下组煤反射波能量弱、杂乱无章。这一认识对于类似煤矿采空区下组煤探测具有一定的指导意义。
- 三维地震勘探 /
- 采空区 /
- 下组煤 /
- 不同年限 /
- 冀中能源东庞矿
Abstract: With the continuous development of coal resources, the upper group of coal in some coal mines has been mined out, and it is urgent to solve the detection problem of the lower group of coal. Affected by the goaf formed by the upper group of coal, the seismic energy absorption and scattering attenuation of the lower group of coal are significant, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the data is low. The detection of the lower group of coal under the goaf by 3D seismic exploration is still in the exploration stage. In this paper, the 3D seismic exploration project of the lower group coal in the goaf of Dongpang Coal Mine of Jizhong Energy Group is discussed. The detection effect of lower group coal beneath goafs of different ages is compared and analyzed by using the technologies of "2W1H"(Wide-band, Wide azimuth and High-density) acquisition, high-precision data processing and attribute body interpretation. The results show that the seismic information on the lower group of coal can be obtained by using the "2W1H" acquisition technology. The technologies of amplitude compensation and seismic frequency extension make the reflection wave group of No.9 coal seam plenty and continuous. When the goafs'age is more than 10 years, the broken strata are compacted and relatively stable, and the reflection wave of the lower group of coal is easy to track. When the goafs'age is less than 10 years, the broken strata are not compacted, leading to weak and disordered reflected wave energy of the lower group of coal. This knowledge has a certain guiding significance for the detection of the lower group of coal in similar coal mines.
- 3D seismics exploration /
- goaf /
- lower group of coal /
- different age /
- Dongpang Coal Mine of Jizhong Energy Group

HTML全文

图 1 不同时期采空区分布

Fig. 1 Distribution of goafs in different periods

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 Butterworth子波双向拓频前后偏移剖面及频谱

Fig. 2 Comparison of migration profile and spectrum before and after bidirectional frequency extension of the Butterworth wavelet

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 三维数据体煤层沿层切片

Fig. 3 3D data volume slicing along the seam

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 不同年限采空区下组煤反射波特征

Fig. 4 Reflection characteristics of the lower group of coal beneath the goafs of different ages

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 研究区煤层参数统计

Table 1 Coal seam parameters of the study area

地层	煤层编号	见煤孔数	厚度/m	间距/m	倾角/(°)
山西组	2	39	0.64~6.25/4.40	23.50~36.50/30.20	11~37
太原组	3	33	0.13~1.481/0.61	41.30~67.006/54.56	3~33
	6	28	0.30~2.03/1.21	12.30~29.20/21.99
	7	40	0.41~4.530/1.13	21.70~50.60/32.27
	8	37	0.25~2.071/0.84	9.00~39.40/25.51
	9	37	2.90~12.17/6.34
注：0.64~6.25/4.40表示最小~最大值/平均值，其他数据同。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 研究区采集参数

Table 2 Collection of parameters of the study area

项目	数值
观测系统	14L×4S×112T×1R束状
纵向排列/m	560-10-10-10-560
接收网格/(m×m)	10×80
激发网格/(m×m)	20×70
CDP网格/(m×m)	5×10
采样间隔/ms	0.5
记录长度/s	2.0
叠加次数	8×7= 56(纵向8次，横向7次)
横纵比	0.93
检波器型号	PS-10
可控震源	Nomad 65
扫描频率/Hz	6~96
扫描长度/s	14
振动台次	2台×6次
驱动电平/%	75(遇障碍物酌减)

下载: 导出CSV

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